What is Ophthalmology?

Ophthalmology is the medical speciality that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of eye diseases and vision problems. Ophthalmologists are trained doctors who can perform eye exams, prescribe medications, and conduct eye surgeries. This field covers a wide range of conditions — from common issues like cataracts, glaucoma, and dry eyes to complex problems such as retinal detachment, diabetic retinopathy, and macular degeneration.

Key Areas of Ophthalmology

• Paediatric Ophthalmology: Addresses childhood eye problems like lazy eye or crossed eyes.
• Cataract & Refractive Surgery: Corrects blurred vision and removes cloudy lenses.
• Cornea & External Eye Disease: Treats infections, injuries, and corneal transplants.
• Neuro-Ophthalmology: Deals with vision problems related to the nervous system.
• Medical & Surgical Retina: Focuses on diseases of the retina and vitreous, including laser and microsurgery.

Why Is Ophthalmology Important?

• Improve quality of life with clearer vision
• Reduce the risk of falls, injuries, and disability, especially in older adults
• Detect serious health issues early
• Prevent vision loss through timely treatment

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